std::cbrt, std::cbrtf, std::cbrtl

 

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Common mathematical functions

Functions
Basic operations
abs(int)labsllabsimaxabs (C++11) abs(float)fabs divldivlldivimaxdiv (C++11) fmod	remainder (C++11) remquo (C++11) fma (C++11) fmax (C++11) fmin (C++11) fdim (C++11) nannanfnanl (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
Exponential functions
exp exp2 (C++11) expm1 (C++11)	log log10 log1p (C++11) log2 (C++11)
Power functions
sqrt cbrt (C++11)	hypot (C++11) pow
Trigonometric and hyperbolic functions
sin cos tan asin acos atan atan2	sinh cosh tanh asinh (C++11) acosh (C++11) atanh (C++11)

Error and gamma functions
erf (C++11) erfc (C++11)	lgamma (C++11) tgamma (C++11)
Nearest integer floating point operations
ceil floor roundlroundllround (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	trunc (C++11) nearbyint (C++11) rintlrintllrint (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
Floating point manipulation functions
ldexp scalbnscalbln (C++11)(C++11) ilogb (C++11) logb (C++11)	frexp modf nextafternexttoward (C++11)(C++11) copysign (C++11)
Classification/Comparison
fpclassify (C++11) isfinite (C++11) isinf (C++11) isnan (C++11) isnormal (C++11) signbit (C++11)	isgreater (C++11) isgreaterequal (C++11) isless (C++11) islessequal (C++11) islessgreater (C++11) isunordered (C++11)
Macro constants
HUGE_VALFHUGE_VALHUGE_VALL (C++11)(C++11) INFINITY (C++11) NAN (C++11) math_errhandlingMATH_ERRNOMATH_ERREXCEPT (C++11)	FP_NORMALFP_SUBNORMALFP_ZEROFP_INFINITEFP_NAN (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)

 

Defined in header <cmath>
	(1)
float       cbrt ( float num ); double      cbrt ( double num ); long double cbrt ( long double num );			(until C++23)
/* floating-point-type */             cbrt ( /* floating-point-type */ num );			(since C++23) (constexpr since C++26)
float       cbrtf( float num );		(2)	(since C++11) (constexpr since C++26)
long double cbrtl( long double num );		(3)	(since C++11) (constexpr since C++26)
Additional overloads (since C++11)
Defined in header <cmath>
template< class Integer > double      cbrt ( Integer num );		(A)	(constexpr since C++26)

1-3) Computes the cube root of num. The library provides overloads of std::cbrt for all cv-unqualified floating-point types as the type of the parameter. (since C++23)

A) Additional overloads are provided for all integer types, which are treated as double.

(since C++11)

Parameters

num

-

floating-point or integer value

Return value

If no errors occur, the cube root of num (\(\small{\sqrt[3]{num} }\)3√num), is returned.

If a range error occurs due to underflow, the correct result (after rounding) is returned.

Error handling

Errors are reported as specified in math_errhandling.

If the implementation supports IEEE floating-point arithmetic (IEC 60559),

• if the argument is ±0 or ±∞, it is returned, unchanged
• if the argument is NaN, NaN is returned

Notes

std::cbrt(num) is not equivalent to std::pow(num, 1.0 / 3) because the rational number \(\small{\frac1{3} }\)

1

3

is typically not equal to 1.0 / 3 and std::pow cannot raise a negative base to a fractional exponent. Moreover, std::cbrt(num) usually gives more accurate results than std::pow(num, 1.0 / 3) (see example).

The additional overloads are not required to be provided exactly as (A). They only need to be sufficient to ensure that for their argument num of integer type, std::cbrt(num) has the same effect as std::cbrt(static_cast<double>(num)).

Example

Run this code

#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout
        << "Normal use:\n"
        << "cbrt(729)       = " << std::cbrt(729) << '\n'
        << "cbrt(-0.125)    = " << std::cbrt(-0.125) << '\n'
        << "Special values:\n"
        << "cbrt(-0)        = " << std::cbrt(-0.0) << '\n'
        << "cbrt(+inf)      = " << std::cbrt(INFINITY) << '\n'
        << "Accuracy and comparison with `pow`:\n"
        << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10)
        << "cbrt(343)       = " << std::cbrt(343) << '\n'
        << "pow(343,1.0/3)  = " << std::pow(343, 1.0 / 3) << '\n'
        << "cbrt(-343)      = " << std::cbrt(-343) << '\n'
        << "pow(-343,1.0/3) = " << std::pow(-343, 1.0 / 3) << '\n';
}

Possible output:

Normal use:
cbrt(729)       = 9
cbrt(-0.125)    = -0.5
Special values:
cbrt(-0)        = -0
cbrt(+inf)      = inf
Accuracy and comparison with `pow`:
cbrt(343)       = 7
pow(343,1.0/3)  = 6.9999999999999991
cbrt(-343)      = -7
pow(-343,1.0/3) = -nan

See also

powpowfpowl (C++11)(C++11)	raises a number to the given power (\(\small{x^y}\)xy) (function)
sqrtsqrtfsqrtl (C++11)(C++11)	computes square root (\(\small{\sqrt{x} }\)√x) (function)
hypothypotfhypotl (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	computes square root of the sum of the squares of two or three (since C++17) given numbers (\(\scriptsize{\sqrt{x^2+y^2} }\)√x2 +y2 ), (\(\scriptsize{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2} }\)√x2 +y2 +z2 ) (since C++17) (function)