va_copy

 

C++

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Utilities library

Language support Type support (basic types, RTTI) Library feature-test macros (C++20) Dynamic memory management Program utilities Coroutine support (C++20) Variadic functions is_constant_evaluated (C++20) is_within_lifetime (C++26) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) Three-way comparison (C++20) three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20)    is_eqis_neqis_ltis_lteqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

General utilities Date and time Function objects Formatting library (C++20) bitset hash (C++11) Relational operators (deprecated in C++20) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator> rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= Integer comparison functions cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)    cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) Swap and type operations swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) to_underlying (C++23) forward (C++11) forward_like (C++23) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) Common vocabulary types pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) expected (C++23) Elementary string conversions to_chars (C++17) from_chars (C++17) chars_format (C++17)

 

Variadic functions

va_start

va_arg

va_copy (C++11)

va_end

va_list

 

Defined in header <cstdarg>
void va_copy( std::va_list dest, std::va_list src );		(since C++11)

The va_copy macro copies src to dest.

va_end should be called on dest before the function returns or any subsequent re-initialization of dest (via calls to va_start or va_copy).

Parameters

dest	-	an instance of the va_list type to initialize
src	-	the source va_list that will be used to initialize dest

Expanded value

(none)

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cmath>
 
double sample_stddev(int count, ...) 
{
    double sum = 0;
    std::va_list args1;
    va_start(args1, count);
    std::va_list args2;
    va_copy(args2, args1);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        double num = va_arg(args1, double);
        sum += num;
    }
    va_end(args1);
    double mean = sum / count;
 
    double sum_sq_diff = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        double num = va_arg(args2, double);
        sum_sq_diff += (num-mean) * (num-mean);
    }
    va_end(args2);
    return std::sqrt(sum_sq_diff / count);
}
 
int main() 
{
    std::cout << sample_stddev(4, 25.0, 27.3, 26.9, 25.7) << '\n';
}

Output:

0.920258

See also

va_start	enables access to variadic function arguments (function macro)
va_arg	accesses the next variadic function argument (function macro)
va_end	ends traversal of the variadic function arguments (function macro)