Standard library header <stack>

 

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Filesystem library (C++17)

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Standard library headers

Language support
<cstddef> <cstdlib> <version> (C++20) <limits> <climits>	<cfloat> <cstdint> (C++11) <stdfloat> (C++23) <new> <typeinfo>	<source_location> (C++20) <exception> <initializer_list> (C++11) <compare> (C++20)	<coroutine> (C++20) <csignal> <csetjmp> <cstdarg>
Concepts
<concepts> (C++20)
Diagnostics
<stdexcept> <stacktrace> (C++23)	<cassert>	<cerrno>	<system_error> (C++11)
Memory management
<memory>	<memory_resource> (C++17)	<scoped_allocator> (C++11)
Metaprogramming
<type_traits> (C++11)	<ratio> (C++11)
General utilities
<utility> <tuple> (C++11) <optional> (C++17) <variant> (C++17)	<any> (C++17) <expected> (C++23) <bitset>	<functional> <typeindex> (C++11) <execution> (C++17)	<charconv> (C++17) <format> (C++20) <bit> (C++20)
Strings
<string_view> (C++17) <string>	<cctype> <cwctype>	<cstring> <cwchar>	<cuchar> (C++11)
Containers
<array> (C++11) <deque> <forward_list> (C++11) <list>	<vector> <map> <set> <unordered_map> (C++11)	<unordered_set> (C++11) <queue> <stack> <flat_map> (C++23)	<flat_set> (C++23) <span> (C++20) <mdspan> (C++23)
Iterators
<iterator>
Ranges
<ranges> (C++20)	<generator> (C++23)
Algorithms
<algorithm>	<numeric>
Numerics
<cfenv> (C++11) <complex>	<random> (C++11) <valarray>	<cmath>	<numbers> (C++20)
Time
<chrono> (C++11)	<ctime>
Localization
<locale>	<clocale>	<codecvt> (C++11/17*)
Input/output
<iosfwd> <iostream> <ios> <streambuf>	<istream> <ostream> <iomanip> <print> (C++23)	<sstream> <spanstream> (C++23) <fstream> <syncstream> (C++20)	<filesystem> (C++17) <cstdio> <cinttypes> (C++11) <strstream> (C++98*)
Regular expressions
<regex> (C++11)
Concurrency support
<stop_token> (C++20) <thread> (C++11) <atomic> (C++11)	<stdatomic.h> (C++23) <mutex> (C++11) <shared_mutex> (C++14)	<condition_variable> (C++11)   <semaphore> (C++20) <latch> (C++20)	<barrier> (C++20) <future> (C++11)
C compatibility
<cstdbool> (C++11/17/20*)   <ccomplex> (C++11/17/20*)	<ctgmath> (C++11/17/20*)	<cstdalign> (C++11/17/20*)	<ciso646> (until C++20)

 

This header is part of the containers library.

Includes
<compare> (C++20)	Three-way comparison operator support
<initializer_list> (C++11)	std::initializer_list class template
Classes
stack	adapts a container to provide stack (LIFO data structure) (class template)
std::uses_allocator<std::stack> (C++11)	specializes the std::uses_allocator type trait (class template specialization)
Functions
operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (C++20)	lexicographically compares the values in the stack (function template)
std::swap(std::stack) (C++11)	specializes the std::swap algorithm (function template)

Synopsis

#include <compare>
#include <initializer_list>
 
namespace std {
  // class template stack
  template<class T, class Container = deque<T>> class stack;
 
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator==(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator!=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator< (const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator> (const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator<=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, class Container>
    bool operator>=(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
  template<class T, three_way_comparable Container>
    compare_three_way_result_t<Container>
      operator<=>(const stack<T, Container>& x, const stack<T, Container>& y);
 
  template<class T, class Container>
    void swap(stack<T, Container>& x, stack<T, Container>& y)
      noexcept(noexcept(x.swap(y)));
  template<class T, class Container, class Alloc>
    struct uses_allocator<stack<T, Container>, Alloc>;
}

Class template std::stack

namespace std {
  template<class T, class Container = deque<T>>
  class stack {
  public:
    using value_type      = typename Container::value_type;
    using reference       = typename Container::reference;
    using const_reference = typename Container::const_reference;
    using size_type       = typename Container::size_type;
    using container_type  = Container;
 
  protected:
    Container c;
 
  public:
    stack() : stack(Container()) {}
    explicit stack(const Container&);
    explicit stack(Container&&);
    template<class InputIt> stack(InputIt first, InputIt last);
    template<__container_compatible_range<T> R> stack(from_range_t, R&& rg);
    template<class Alloc> explicit stack(const Alloc&);
    template<class Alloc> stack(const Container&, const Alloc&);
    template<class Alloc> stack(Container&&, const Alloc&);
    template<class Alloc> stack(const stack&, const Alloc&);
    template<class Alloc> stack(stack&&, const Alloc&);
    template<class InputIt, class Alloc>
      stack(InputIt first, InputIt last, const Alloc&);
    template<__container_compatible_range<T> R, class Alloc>
      stack(from_range_t, R&& rg, const Alloc&);
 
    [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const    { return c.empty(); }
    size_type size()  const             { return c.size(); }
    reference         top()             { return c.back(); }
    const_reference   top() const       { return c.back(); }
    void push(const value_type& x)      { c.push_back(x); }
    void push(value_type&& x)           { c.push_back(std::move(x)); }
    template<__container_compatible_range<T> R>
      void push_range(R&& rg);
    template<class... Args>
      decltype(auto) emplace(Args&&... args)
        { return c.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...); }
    void pop()                          { c.pop_back(); }
    void swap(stack& s) noexcept(is_nothrow_swappable_v<Container>)
      { using std::swap; swap(c, s.c); }
  };
 
  template<class Container>
    stack(Container) -> stack<typename Container::value_type, Container>;
 
  template<class InputIt>
    stack(InputIt, InputIt) -> stack<__iter_value_type<InputIt>>;
 
  template<ranges::input_range R>
    stack(from_range_t, R&&) -> stack<ranges::range_value_t<R>>;
 
  template<class Container, class Allocator>
    stack(Container, Allocator) -> stack<typename Container::value_type, Container>;
 
  template<class InputIt, class Allocator>
    stack(InputIt, InputIt, Allocator)
      -> stack<__iter_value_type<InputIt>, deque<__iter_value_type<InputIt>,
               Allocator>>;
 
  template<ranges::input_range R, class Allocator>
    stack(from_range_t, R&&, Allocator)
      -> stack<ranges::range_value_t<R>, deque<ranges::range_value_t<R>, Allocator>>;
 
  template<class T, class Container, class Alloc>
    struct uses_allocator<stack<T, Container>, Alloc>
      : uses_allocator<Container, Alloc>::type { };
}