std::tan(std::complex)

 

C++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (C++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (C++20)

Metaprogramming library (C++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (C++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (C++17)

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Concurrency support library (C++11)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Numerics library

Common mathematical functions

Mathematical special functions (C++17)

Mathematical constants (C++20)

Floating-point environment (C++11)

Complex numbers

Numeric arrays

Pseudo-random number generation

Factor operations

gcd (C++17)

lcm (C++17)

Interpolations

midpoint (C++20)

lerp (C++20)

Generic numeric operations

iota (C++11)

ranges::iota (C++23)

accumulate

inner_product

adjacent_difference

partial_sum

reduce (C++17)

transform_reduce (C++17)

inclusive_scan (C++17)

exclusive_scan (C++17)

transform_inclusive_scan (C++17)

transform_exclusive_scan (C++17)

Bit operations

bit_cast (C++20)

byteswap (C++23)

has_single_bit (C++20)

bit_ceil (C++20)

bit_floor (C++20)

bit_width (C++20)

rotl (C++20)

rotr (C++20)

countl_zero (C++20)

countl_one (C++20)

countr_zero (C++20)

countr_one (C++20)

popcount (C++20)

endian (C++20)

 

std::complex

Member functions
complex::complex
complex::operator=
complex::real
complex::imag
complex::operator+=complex::operator-=complex::operator*=complex::operator/=
Non-member functions
operator+operator- operator+operator-operator*operator/ operator==operator!= (until C++20)   operator<<operator>>	real imag abs arg norm conj proj (C++11) polar operator""ioperator""ifoperator""il (C++14)(C++14)(C++14)
Exponential functions
exp
log
log10
Power functions
pow
sqrt
Trigonometric functions
sin cos tan	asin (C++11) acos (C++11) atan (C++11)
Hyperbolic functions
sinh cosh tanh	asinh (C++11) acosh (C++11) atanh (C++11)

 

Defined in header <complex>
template< class T > complex<T> tan( const complex<T>& z );

Computes complex tangent of a complex value z.

Parameters

z

-

complex value

Return value

If no errors occur, the complex tangent of z is returned.

Errors and special cases are handled as if the operation is implemented by -i * std::tanh(i * z), where i is the imaginary unit.

Notes

Tangent is an analytical function on the complex plain and has no branch cuts. It is periodic with respect to the real component, with period πi, and has poles of the first order along the real line, at coordinates (π(1/2 + n), 0). However no common floating-point representation is able to represent π/2 exactly, thus there is no value of the argument for which a pole error occurs.

Mathematical definition of the tangent is tan z =

i(e-iz -eiz )

e-iz +eiz

.

Example

Run this code

#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << std::fixed;
    std::complex<double> z(1.0, 0.0); // behaves like real tangent along the real line
    std::cout << "tan" << z << " = " << std::tan(z)
              << " ( tan(1) = " << std::tan(1) << ")\n";
 
    std::complex<double> z2(0.0, 1.0); // behaves like tanh along the imaginary line
    std::cout << "tan" << z2 << " = " << std::tan(z2)
              << " (tanh(1) = " << std::tanh(1) << ")\n";
}

Output:

tan(1.000000,0.000000) = (1.557408,0.000000) ( tan(1) = 1.557408)
tan(0.000000,1.000000) = (0.000000,0.761594) (tanh(1) = 0.761594)

See also

sin(std::complex)	computes sine of a complex number (\({\small\sin{z} }\)sin(z)) (function template)
cos(std::complex)	computes cosine of a complex number (\({\small\cos{z} }\)cos(z)) (function template)
atan(std::complex) (C++11)	computes arc tangent of a complex number (\({\small\arctan{z} }\)arctan(z)) (function template)
tantanftanl (C++11)(C++11)	computes tangent (\({\small\tan{x} }\)tan(x)) (function)
tan(std::valarray)	applies the function std::tan to each element of valarray (function template)